Which mental health condition is Edward Martin exhibiting when he harbors a belief that the CIA is monitoring his communications?

Edward Martin's belief that the CIA is monitoring his communications aligns with the symptoms commonly associated with paranoid schizophrenia. This mental health condition is characterized by the presence of delusions, particularly paranoid delusions, where an individual may feel they are being persecuted or conspired against by others. The specific belief in being monitored indicates a misinterpretation of reality, which is a hallmark of this disorder.

Individuals with paranoid schizophrenia often exhibit high levels of distrust and suspicion, leading them to conclude that outside forces are plotting against them. This can manifest in various forms, including believing that government agencies, such as the CIA, are involved in surveillance or other nefarious activities directed at them.

While other conditions such as major depressive disorder, antisocial personality disorder, and post-traumatic stress disorder can involve symptoms of distress or anxiety, they do not typically present with the specific type of delusional thinking that is characteristic of paranoid schizophrenia. Therefore, the presence of such a belief in Edward's case strongly indicates paranoid schizophrenia as the appropriate diagnosis.